Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN) :: Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000

Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000

Coral reefs of the world have continued to decline since the previous GCRMN report in 1998. Assessments to late 2000 are that 27% of the world’s reefs have been effectively lost, with the largest single cause being the massive climate-related coral bleaching event of 1998. This destroyed about 16% of the coral reefs of the world in 9 months during the largest El Niño and La Niña climate changes ever recorded.

While there is a good chance that many of the 16% of damaged reefs will recover slowly, probably half of these reefs will never adequately recover. These will add to the 11% of the world’s reefs already lost due to human impacts such as sediment and nutrient pollution, over-exploitation and mining of sand and rock and development on, and ‘reclamation’ of, coral reefs.

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000

	Full report (4Mb)
	Countries, States and Territories Acknowledgements Introduction Executive Summary Clive Wilkinson
	1. The 1997-98 Mass Coral Bleaching and Mortality Event: 2 years on. Clive Wilkinson
	2. Regional Status of Coral Reefs in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. Nicolas Pilcher and Abdullah Alsuhaibany
	3. Status of Coral Reefs in the Arabian/Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea Region (Middle East). Nicolas J. Pilcher, Simon Wilson, Shaker H. Alhazeem and Mohammad Reza Shokri
	4. Status of Coral Reefs in East Africa: Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, and Tanzania. David Obura, Mohammed Suleiman, Helena Motta, and Michael Schleyer
	5. Status of Coral Reefs in the Southhern Indian Ocean: The Indian Ocaen Commission Node for Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion and Seychelles. Lionel Bigot, Lois Charpy, Jean Maharavo, Fouad Abdou Rabi, Naidoo Ppaupiah, Riaz Aumeeruddy, Christian Viledieu and Anne Lieutaud
	6. Status of Coral Reefs in South Asia: Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Sri Lanka. Arjan Rajasuriya, Hussein Zahir, E.V. Muley, B.R. Subramanian, K. Venkataraman, M.V.M. Wafar, S.M. Munjurul, Hannan Khan and Emma Whittingham
	7. Southeast Asian Reefs - Status Update: Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Loke Ming Chou
	8. Status of Coral Reefs in East and North Asia: China, Japan and Taiwan. Shuichi Fujiwara, Takuro Shibuno, K. Mito, Tatsuo Nakai, Yasunori Sasaki, Dai Chang-feng and Chen Gang
	9. Status of Coral Reefs of Australasia: Australia and Papua New Guinea. Thmas Maniwavie, Hugh Sweatman, paul Marshall, Phill Munday and Vagi Rei
	10. Status of Coral Reefs in the Southwest Pacific: Fiji, Nauru, New Caledonia, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. Robin South and Posa Skelton
	11. Status of Southeast and Central Pacific Coral Reefs in ‘Polynesia Mana Node’: Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Niue, Tokelau, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna. Bernard Salvat
	12. Status of the Coral Reefs of American Samoa and Micronesia: US Affiliated and Freely Associated Islands of the Pacific. C.E. Birkeland, P. Craig, G. Davis, A. Edwards, Y. Golbuu, J. Higgins, J. Gutierrez, N. Idechong, J. Maragos, K. Miller, G. Paulay, R. Richmond, A. Tafileichig, and D. Turgeon
	13. Status of Coral Reefs in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Cynthia Hunter and Russell Brainard
	14. Status of Coral Reefs in the U.S. Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico: Florida, Texas, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands, Navassa. Billy Causey, Joanne Delaney, Ernesto Diaz, Dick Dodge, Jorge Garcia, Jamie Higgins, Walter Jaap, Cruz Matos, George Schmahl, Caroline Rogers, Margaret Miller and Donna Turgeon
	15. Status of Coral Reefs in the Northern Caribbean and Western Atlantic. Jeremy Woodly, Pedro Alcolado, Timothy Austin, John Barnes, Rodolfo Claro-Madruga, Gina Ebanks-Petrie, Reynaldo Estrada, Francisco Geraldes, Anne Glasspool, Floyd Homer, brian Luckhurst, Eleanor Phillips, David Shim, Robbie Smith, Kathleen Sullivan Sealey, Monica Vega, Jack Ward, and Jean Wiener
	16. Status of Coral Reefs of Northern Central America- Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. Philip Kramer, Patricia Richards Kramer, Ernesto Arias-Gonzalez, and Melanie McField
	17. Status of Coral Reefs in the Eastern Caribbean: The OECS, Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, the Netherlands Antilles and the French Caribbean. Allan H. Smith, Mark Archibald, Trish Bailey, Claude Bouchon, Angelique Brathwaite, Ruletta Comacho, Sarah George, Harold Guiste, Mark Hastings, Philmore James, Cheryl Jeffrey-Appleton, Kalli De Meyer, Andre Miller, Leonard Nurse, Clive Petrovic, and Paul Philip
	18. Status of Coral Reefs in Southern Tropical America: Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama and Venezuela. Jaime Garzón-Ferreira, Jorge Cortés, Aldo Croquer, Héctor Guzmán, Zelinda Leao and Alberto Rodríguez-Ramírez
	19. Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Reef Programs and Monitoring Networks Suggested Reading Acronyms